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Mitochondrial Peptide

# MOTS-c: Exercise in a Molecule

The mitochondria-derived peptide that mimics the metabolic benefits of exercise. Enhance insulin sensitivity, boost energy, and fight aging—without the treadmill.

2015
Discovered
16
Amino Acids
$80-150
Monthly Cost

## What Is MOTS-c?

MOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA Type-c) is a peptide encoded within your mitochondrial DNA—discovered in 2015 by Dr. Changhan David Lee at USC. Unlike most proteins made from nuclear DNA, MOTS-c originates from your cellular powerhouses themselves.

What makes MOTS-c remarkable is its ability to mimic the metabolic effects of exercise. When administered to mice, it improves glucose metabolism, increases insulin sensitivity, and prevents diet-induced obesity—even without changes in physical activity.

## How Does It Work?

#### AMPK Activation

MOTS-c activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), the same metabolic master switch triggered by exercise and fasting. This promotes glucose uptake, fat burning, and cellular energy production.

#### Muscle Glucose Uptake

MOTS-c travels from mitochondria to the nucleus, regulating genes involved in glucose metabolism. It enhances muscle glucose uptake independently of insulin—a key benefit for metabolic health.

#### Exercise Response

Your body naturally releases MOTS-c during exercise. Supplementing may provide similar benefits for those who can't exercise intensely due to age, injury, or illness.

## Key Research

#### Lee et al. (2015) - Cell Metabolism

The landmark discovery paper showed MOTS-c treatment prevented age-dependent and diet-induced insulin resistance in mice. Treated mice had improved glucose tolerance and reduced fat accumulation despite a high-fat diet.

#### Reynolds et al. (2021) - Nature Communications

Human study found that circulating MOTS-c levels increase with exercise and correlate with improved metabolic health. Higher levels were associated with better insulin sensitivity.

#### Phase I Clinical Trials (2024)

Early human trials have shown MOTS-c to be safe and well-tolerated. Further studies are examining its effects on metabolic health, muscle function, and aging markers.

## Benefits for Longevity

- Improved Insulin Sensitivity: Enhances glucose uptake without requiring insulin
- Metabolic Flexibility: Helps the body switch between fuel sources efficiently
- Fat Reduction: Prevents diet-induced obesity in animal studies
- Exercise Mimetic: Provides metabolic benefits similar to physical activity
- Age-Related Decline: Counters the metabolic dysfunction of aging
- Mitochondrial Health: Supports the powerhouses that drive cellular energy

## Dosing Protocol

### Typical Administration

- Dose: 5-10 mg, 2-3 times per week
- Route: Subcutaneous injection or nasal spray
- Timing: Post-workout or morning (AM) for best results
- Cycle: Many use 4-8 week cycles with breaks

Note: MOTS-c is a research peptide. Dosing is based on early trials and practitioner experience. Work with a knowledgeable physician.

## Side Effects & Safety

#### Current Safety Profile

MOTS-c appears well-tolerated in early human studies. Potential side effects include:

- Injection site reactions (redness, mild irritation)
- Possible blood sugar changes (monitor if diabetic)
- Limited long-term human data available

### Important Considerations

- MOTS-c is not FDA-approved for any condition
- Available as a research peptide from specialized suppliers
- Quality and purity vary between sources
- Consult a longevity-focused physician before use

## Who Might Benefit?

### Ideal Candidates

- Metabolic dysfunction: Those with insulin resistance or prediabetes
- Limited exercise capacity: Injury, illness, or age-related limitations
- Longevity optimization: Part of a comprehensive anti-aging protocol
- Athletes: Potential recovery and metabolic enhancement

## The Bottom Line

MOTS-c represents an exciting frontier in metabolic medicine. As a naturally occurring peptide that mimics exercise, it offers a novel approach to improving insulin sensitivity and metabolic health—particularly for those who cannot exercise optimally.

While still in early research stages, the mechanism is compelling: a molecule encoded in your mitochondria that your body uses to coordinate exercise responses. Supplementing may enhance these natural pathways.

For those interested in cutting-edge longevity interventions, MOTS-c deserves attention. However, as with any research peptide, proceed cautiously, source carefully, and work with knowledgeable practitioners.

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